Sun Smarts

Boost Your UV IQ

These days, it’s a well-known fact that wearing sunscreen is an essential part of maintaining healthy skin. Why, then, do melanoma rates continue to rise in the United States?

According to a recent case study conducted by Stanford University Medical Center’s Dermatology Department, melanoma rates increased by roughly three percent a year between 1992 and 2004. Moreover, the study, published in the January issue of the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, indicates that the rate of melanoma doubled in all socioeconomic groups over a 10-year period.

Although these rising statistics for melanoma are a point of contention among scientists (are the numbers skewed or does the jump signal an epidemic?), one thing is certain: we can all benefit by studying up on solar UV radiation and sun care.

UV Rays: What You Need to Know

Solar energy reaching the Earth consists of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in three different wavelengths: UVA; UVB; and UVC. Nearly all UVC rays are blocked by the ozone layer, whereas UVA and UVB rays reach the Earth and are directly linked to melanoma—the most serious form of skin cancer.

Both UVA and UVB rays are strongest and most detrimental to skin between the hours of 10:00am and 2:00pm. The shorter of the two wavelengths, UVB rays are primarily responsible for sunburns, reaching just below the skin’s
epidermis. UVB rays cannot penetrate glass and can be blocked somewhat by clothing. Conversely, UVA rays—used in tanning beds—can easily penetrate clouds, windows and light clothing. These longer wavelengths seep deeper into dermal layers, resulting in premature aging, wrinkling and skin cancer.

The Truth About SPFs

SPF, or sun protection factor, is a standard measurement of a sunscreen’s ability to protect the skin against UVB rays. Dermatologists and medical professionals recommend that a minimum SPF of 15 be applied on a daily basis to properly shield skin from potentially harmful solar radiation.

The lighter a person’s skin, the more sun protection they need. An SPF of 30 is recommended for fair skin. Darker skin or a nice tan, however, does not exempt you from wearing sunscreen—there is no such thing as a “safe” tan. Even those with deeper skin tones need protection, as the melanin in dark skin creates only an SPF of 4—not nearly high enough to block UV rays.

It is also important to realize that SPFs are not mathematically linear. In other words, applying SPF 10 on top of SPF 20 is not the same as applying SPF 30. Similarly, SPF 30 does not have twice the amount of protection as SPF 15. In reality, SPF 30 blocks only four to five percent more UV rays than SPF 15. The solution to this complex equation? During periods of prolonged exposure, apply two layers of sunscreen to ensure complete coverage, and reapply throughout the day.

Shield Your Skin from Aging

Ninety percent of what we associate with aging is a result of overexposure to UV rays. Just compare the sun-exposed skin on your arms and legs with the areas on your body that are generally covered; the difference in skin tone and texture is evidence enough. Here are a few ways that tanning can take its toll with visible effects:

• Skin Pigmentation – UV rays induce melanin production, stimulating hyperpigmentation, otherwise known as sun spots and discolorations.
• Collagen Production – Solar radiation injures fibroblasts, the connective tissues that secrete skin-rejuvenating collagen and elastin, causing deep lines and wrinkles.
• Moisture Levels – UV light impairs the skin’s barrier function and reparative abilities, leading to dehydration and a leathery appearance.
• Cellular Damage – Excessive and repeated sun exposure can permanently damage skin cell DNA, resulting in skin cancer.

Like many natural resources, the sun has its pros and cons. The vitamin D found in solar energy helps strengthen bones and teeth, and research has proven that sunlight can positively influence an individual’s disposition and psyche; however, in an age of global warming and tanning bed fever, it seems more important than ever to get the facts straight.

Adopt a Sun-Safe Strategy with CosMedix

CosMedix utilizes all-natural ingredients such as titanium dioxide and zinc oxide—nature’s own sunblock—to calm skin and reduce inflammation while providing broad spectrum UV protection.

Reflect

The only all-natural, spray-on sunscreen on the market offering a full spectrum of UVA/UVB/UVC protection. In addition to micronized titanium dioxide, Reflect contains chirally correct L-glutathione, a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.

Hydrate +

This daily therapeutic, moisturizing sunscreen incorporates soothing emollients, including jojoba, wheat germ oil and glycerin, to nourish and protect skin’s natural moisture factor while zinc oxide blocks damaging ultraviolet radiation.

Serious Protection

All-natural titanium dioxideand zinc oxide shield skin from UVA and UVB light, helping to prevent tissue damage and premature aging in a facial-quality, water-resistant formula. Designed to fully protect skin from head to toe, Serious Protection is ideal for outdoor activities.